Behavioral Motivation to Work - A study by Artur Victoria

The need-drive-goal cycle represents a type of process approach to motivation. Cognitive dimensions are present in the goal in the motivation cycle. Cognitive elements have played a central role in certain theories of motivation. The cognitive approach emphasizes our ability to make conscious, rational decisions and have perceptions concerning things like input/ output ratios and the value and probability of attaining future outcomes. Cognitive process theories recognize the complex nature of organizational behavior. Two of the most recently popular process theories with a cognitive perspective are the equity and expectancy theories of motivation. leia todo o artigo

Pay For Performance In Human Resources - A study by Artur Victoria

Agency theory, the principal - agent model, and the economic theory of incentives are three names for the same thing: a collection of models created by economists to answer this question. We discuss the basic model in this subsection and elaborations following that.

The basic model begins with the supposition that the connection between time and effort exerted by the worker and the fruits of his labor services is not entirely under his control. The employee can influence the amount of work accomplished, by exerting himself, but he can't control output entirely. Supposing he is on the job for a set length of time, we let e denote the effort he chooses to exert over that period of time, and we suppose that the amount of work done x has a probability distribution that is affected by; think for now of the case where e is one-dimensional, and larger values of x are more likely the larger is. leia todo o artigo

Managing The Workers' Motivation - A study by Artur Victoria

One motivating factor is of course interest in the job itself. Where people have this interest they are prepared to put in a great deal of effort and produce first-class results. It is not uncommon for a man whose work is indifferent, and who is regarded as being lazy, to have a hobby at which he shows himself to be energetic and to have high standards. There is nothing wrong with the man himself; he just happens not to find his work very interesting. It is usually found that where work is varied and makes demands on a man skill there is little problem of motivation; in these circumstances people express themselves through their work, and poor performance would diminish them as people.

It may be objected that not everyone has or can have an interesting job, and that we have to consider effective means of motivation for them also. This is true, but it is possible to overstate the argument. A skilled engineer may look round a factory where light assembly work is being done, where iced fruits are put on chocolates by people who do nothing else, and reflect that he personally would not like to do any of those jobs, whatever the rate of pay offered. But the people who do such jobs often find satisfaction in them. They do their work with minimal attention and think of more interesting things. Industrial music, congenial company, and pleasantly decorated surroundings all add to the interest of the work. leia todo o artigo